ABSTRACT
Objective The study aimed to analyze the main risk factors of diabetes mellitus in different districts of Ninghai county.Method A total of 3 210 cases including 715 cases form town center,1 413 cases in the coastal area and 1 082 cases in mountain areas were investigated by multistage cluster random sampling.Risk factors of chronic disease survey was developed in January 2016,Chi square tests and logistic regression were performed to compare differences.Result The survey was conducted in 277 diabetic patients,with a prevalence of 8.63％.The prevalence of diabetes was 13.99％ (100/715),7.29％ (103/1 413)and 7.84％ (74/1 082) for town center,coastal area and mountain area.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in town centers was higher than that in coastal and mountainous areas(x2=33.64,P＜0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that regional factors are the main influencing factors of diabetes mellitus.Compared with urban areas,the risk of diabetes mellitus in coastal areas(OR=0.492,95％CI:0.350-0.690) and mountainous areas (OR=0.479,95％CI:0.336-0.684)is lower.Family history of diabetes mellitus(OR=4.405,95％CI:3.022-6.420),long-term static time (OR=1.092,95％CI:1.034-1.153),central obesity(OR=1.699,95％CI:1.230-2.346),hypertension(OR=1.837,95％CI:1.346-2.508) and dyslipidemia (OR=2.143,95％CI:1.614-2.846)are risk factors for diabetes mellitus.Low age group (15-29 years old is the smallest,OR=0.032,95％CI:0.008-0.136)and proper egg consumption(minimum frequency per day,OR=0.347,95％CI:0.183-0.661)were protective factors.Conclusion Regional factors are the main influencing factors of diabetes mellitus in Ninghai County.Prevention and control should be tailored to local conditions.We should make monitoring and early prevention,and carry out targeted intervention in a targeted manner.
ABSTRACT
Objective By the method of multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR),we intend to amplify different regions (DFR) of Yersinia pestis DNA,and to establish a multiple DFR genotyping technique for detection of Yersinia pestis.Methods According to the product size of 23 DFRs and pMT plasmid,24 primers were optimized and combined,then multiple primers in one PCR reaction system were added,and positive template DNA was amplified.Meanwhile,200 wild strain DNAs were amplified by multiple PCR and normal PCR,to verify the coincidence rate of the two methods.Results Totally 24 target segments were amplified through the positive DNA template.Through different permutation and combination,24 primers were optimized and combined into 9 groups.Totally 200 wild strain DNAs were used for verification,the coincidence rate of multiple PCR and normal PCR was 100％.Conclusions Multiple PCR is applicable and feasible for DFR genotyping of Yersinia pestis.It is an efficient,economic and high accuracy experimental method for large quantities of Yersinia pestis DFR genotyping.
ABSTRACT
Objective To genotype Yersinia pestis and explore intrinsic relationship among different ecotypes of Yersinia pestis in Yunnan foci.Methods A total of 171 strains from three types of Yersinia pestis,house mouse,wild-type mouse and Yulong Yersinia pestis,were tested.Twenty-three different regions (DFR) were used to genotype and cluster analysis was performed using BioNumerics 5.0.Results A total of 171 Yersinia pestis were divided into 7 genotypes by 23 DFRs,which were Genomovar5,Genomovar7,Genomovar9 and 4 newly discovered genotypes.The genotypes of all Yulong plague were Genomovar5.The genotypes of the 16 strains of wild-type mouse plague (the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type) were divided to 3 genotypes,13 of them were Genomovar 7,2 of them were Genomovar9,and 1 of them was newly discovered genotype Genomovaryn1.The genotypes of the 148 strains of house mouse plague(the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type) were divided into 4 genotypes,145 of them were Genomovar9,and 3 of them were newly discovered including Genomovar-yn2,-yn3 and-yn4.The ecological typing results of clustering showed genotype of Yulong plague was similar to the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type(wild-type mouse plague),and the percentage of similarity was up to 87.20％,but only up to 73.75％ to the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type (house mouse plague).The genotypes of 2 wild-type strains of the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type(wild-type mouse) and main genotypes of the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type(house mouse)were Genomovar 9.The genotype of Genomovar-yn 1 of the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type was similar to Genomovar 7,but lack of DFR 11.The genotypes of Genomovar-yn2,-yn3 and-yn4 of the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type were similar to Genomovar 9,but lack of DFR 10,DFR 9 and DFR 11,respectively.Conclusions One newly genotype strain is found in wild-type mouse plague and 3 newly genotype strains are founded in house mouse plague.Wild-type mouse strains are founded in the house mouse strains.The similarity of genotype between Yulong plague and the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type (wild-type mouse plague) is high while the similarity between Yulong plague and the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type(house mouse plague) is low.